中国每个朝代瓷器的各类器型，多能准确反映各朝当时的生活习俗、审美标准、社会风貌和技术条件。青花瓷又称白地青花瓷，常简称青花，为中华陶瓷烧制工艺的珍品，是中国瓷器的主流品种之一，属釉下彩瓷。且各个朝代都有自己不同的青花工艺，是中国瓷器史上的里程碑。
The various types of porcelain in each dynasty of China can accurately reflect the customs, aesthetic standards, social features and technical conditions of the various dynasties. Blue-and-white porcelain, also known as white-and-white porcelain, often referred to as blue-and-white, is a treasure of Chinese ceramics. It is one of the mainstream varieties of Chinese porcelain, and it is underglaze. And each dynasty has its own different blue and white crafts, which is a milestone in the history of Chinese porcelain.
大明宣德年制的青花瓷，以其胎釉精细、色泽浓艳、造型多样和纹饰优美而著称，被认为是明代的素花瓷器之冠。所以很多收藏界的人以拥有一大明宣德年制款识青花瓷器而骄傲。
The blue-and-white porcelain of Daming Xuande is known for its fine glaze, rich color, diverse shapes and beautiful patterns. It is considered to be the crown of prime porcelain in the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, many people in the collection industry are proud of having a large-scale Xuande year-old system to recognize blue and white porcelain.
接下来徐先生便为大家带来两款大明宣德年制青花瓷。让我们一一来鉴赏一番。
Next, Mr. Xu will bring you two Da Ming Xuande year blue and white porcelain. Let us appreciate it one by one.
1、龙纹葵口青花大盘
此件龙纹葵口青花大盘，敞口，浅弧腹，砂底。内壁与外壁皆绘缠枝莲纹，盘心绘飞龙云纹，画工精细，线条流畅，龙纹生动，盘沿落款“大明宣德年制”。此龙纹葵口青花大盘在整体造型上布局合理匀称，装饰纹样线条优雅，工艺与艺术效果结合，相得益彰，达到了和谐完美的境地。
1. Dragon pattern Kwai Kou blue and white market
This piece of dragon pattern Kwai Kou blue and white large plate, open, shallow arc belly, sand bottom. Both the inner wall and the outer wall are painted with lotus streaks, and the heart is painted with dragons and moiré. The paintings are fine, the lines are smooth, the dragons are vivid, and the discs are along with the “Da Ming Xuande Year System”. This dragon pattern Kwai Kou blue and white large plate has a reasonable layout on the overall shape, elegant lines and decorative lines, and the combination of craftsmanship and artistic effects complement each other to achieve a harmonious and perfect situation.
底径：24cm 口径：39cm 高：7.5cm
Bottom diameter: 24cm Caliber: 39cm Height: 7.5cm
宣德时期，瓷土淘洗更加精细，烧成后胎体更为质密坚硬。与永乐青花瓷器比较，宣德器物底多为无釉砂底，无旋痕，并常见火石红斑。釉面细润，泛青，用20～30倍放大镜观察，釉面气泡密集，大小相间，呈雾状。
During the Xuande period, the porcelain clay was washed more finely, and the carcass was more dense and hard after firing. Compared with Yongle blue-and-white porcelain, the bottom of Xuande is mostly unglazed sand bottom, no spin marks, and common flint erythema. The glazed surface is fine and green, and it is observed with a magnifying glass of 20 to 30 times. The glazed bubbles are dense, and the size is foggy.
宣德青花瓷以纹饰取胜，画笔分实笔和勾勒渲染两种，实笔多为细线条，勾勒渲染多为粗线条和纹饰，线条流畅，纹路清晰，有一气呵成感，纹饰画得十分规矩，从不出边线，主要纹样是缠枝和折枝花卉。
Xuande blue-and-white porcelain wins with patterns, brushes are divided into real pens and sketches. The real pens are mostly thin lines. The sketches are mostly thick lines and patterns, the lines are smooth, the lines are clear, and there is a sense of temperament. The patterns are very regular and never come out. On the sidelines, the main patterns are tangled and folded flowers.
2、鱼藻纹青花高足碗
高足碗，又称靶碗，有中空足封闭底印和不封底两种。造型为口微撇，近底处丰满，下承高足，造型与高足杯颇为相似，较之略大。这种纤巧的高足碗于元、明、清三代较为流行，品种有青花、斗彩等。
2, fish algae blue and white bowl
The high-foot bowl, also known as the target bowl, has a hollow foot closed bottom and no back cover. The shape is slightly sloppy, the bottom is full, and the lower foot is high. The shape is quite similar to the high-foot cup, which is slightly larger. This kind of slim high-foot bowl is popular in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, and its varieties include blue and white and fighting colors.
底径：7.5cm 口径：26.5cm 高：17.5cm
Bottom diameter: 7.5cm Caliber: 26.5cm Height: 17.5cm
此件鱼藻纹青花高足碗，器身以青花绘鱼藻纹，“鱼”、“余”同音，具有“富贵有余”、“连年有余”的寓意。形制规整，制作精致，白釉底色，釉色洁白滋润，玉质感强，绘画技艺娴熟，线条流畅，青花色泽浓艳。
This piece of fish algae blue and white bowls, the body is painted with blue and white fish, the "fish", "Yu" homonym, with the meaning of "rich and rich", "more than a year". The shape is regular, the production is exquisite, the white glaze background color, the glaze color is white and moist, the jade texture is strong, the painting technique is skillful, the lines are smooth, and the blue and white color is rich.
此高足碗是一个特殊碗，制造工艺极其复杂，不但胎土精细，造型端庄，特别是施釉工艺是前无古人后无来者的突破。口沿外翻，紧胸收腹，足呈倒立喇叭状，挺拔而不失重心，书款位置也不一样，证实了“宣德书款满器身”的说法。
This high-foot bowl is a special bowl, the manufacturing process is extremely complicated, not only the fine soil, the dignified shape, especially the glazing process is a breakthrough before the ancients. The mouth is turned outwards, the chest is abdomen, the foot is inverted and trumpet-shaped, straight and not losing the center of gravity, and the position of the book is not the same, confirming the saying that "Xuande's book is full of body".
永宣是明朝瓷业鼎盛时期，特别是宣德朱瞻基本身对艺术的爱好，御窑厂创烧出很多前所未有的新品种，高足碗也成为后人追逐的典范。
Yongxuan was the heyday of the Ming Dynasty porcelain industry. In particular, Xuande Zhuzhan’s basic hobby for art, the imperial kiln factory burned a lot of new varieties that have never been seen before, and the high-foot bowl has become a model for future generations to chase.
